Family Involvement in Substance Use Disorder Recovery for Youth

By Imani Thompson
Technical Associate, The MayaTech Corporation


In the complex landscape of substance use disorder (SUD) recovery, the influence of family is often overlooked but is profoundly significant, particularly for youth and young adults. As substance misuse rises among younger populations, the importance of family-centered approaches in recovery becomes increasingly apparent.1 Recognizing and integrating the family role is crucial for developing effective treatment methodologies that support long-term recovery.

To provide further insight into ways to support men's mental health, we interviewed Dr. Marcus Mason, a licensed clinical professional counselor and board approved supervisor in the state of Maryland and founder of Minds In Motion Therapeutic Services, LLC. As an educator, clinician, entrepreneur, and researcher, Dr. Mason is driven by a love of learning and seeks to remove the stigma associated with mental health and significantly improve life outcomes for those in the community.

A Foundation of Support Amid Challenges

SUDs in youth are rarely isolated incidents; they ripple through families and communities. The recently published 2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) reveals that 8.3% of adolescents in the United States ages 12 to 17 reported using illicit drugs, while 23.8% of young adults ages 18 to 25 reported the same.2 These statistics underscore the urgent need for family involvement in early intervention and treatment, which can significantly improve long-term outcomes.1

In a 2021 publication of the Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, researchers highlighted that family involvement is a crucial predictor of positive treatment outcomes for youth with SUDs.1 This involvement can take many forms, whether it's providing emotional support, participating in therapy sessions, or offering a stable home environment. The family's role is multifaceted and indispensable. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) emphasizes that families who are actively involved in their child's recovery process help reinforce positive behaviors and encourage sustained recovery.3 Family involvement is not just about being present, but it is about actively participating in the therapeutic journey. When families are educated about SUDs and equipped with the right tools, they can better support their loved ones through the ups and downs of recovery.1

Bridging the Gap Between Youth and Recovery

The transition from adolescence to adulthood can be challenging, and for those struggling with substance use, this period can be extremely difficult.3 Family support can function as a bridge between youth and the responsibilities of emerging adulthood, helping them navigate the complexities of recovery while maintaining essential social and familial connections.1

The 2023 NSDUH report also notes that approximately 13.4% of young adults have experienced a substance use disorder in the past year,2 underscoring the need for effective and inclusive recovery strategies. Family involvement in treatment not only helps youth feel more supported but also strengthens their commitment to recovery. Research suggests that youth receiving family-based interventions have better long-term recovery outcomes than those receiving individual treatment.1 Another study suggests that families who understand the challenges of SUDs are more likely to provide consistent and empathetic support, which is essential for sustained recovery.4

For mental health professionals, integrating family dynamics into treatment plans can be transformative. Early and consistent family engagement allows for a more comprehensive treatment strategy that addresses the emotional, psychological, and social dimensions of recovery.3

Benefits and Barriers in the Field

Incorporating families into the recovery process does not come without challenges. Families may struggle with guilt, shame, or denial, which can hinder their ability to support effectively. Mental health professionals must address these emotions and guide families toward a constructive role in recovery.2

Though there may be challenges, these challenges may present opportunities. By fostering open communication and providing educational resources, clinicians and other professionals can empower families to become stronger allies in the fight against SUDs.3 Programs that include family therapy, support groups, and educational workshops are particularly effective in bridging knowledge gaps and fostering a supportive home environment.1

A Collaborative Path Forward

As the mental health field continues to refine its approaches to SUD recovery, family involvement remains a cornerstone of successful outcomes.4 For youth and young adults, family support is not just beneficial—it is essential.1 Understanding family dynamics and actively involving families in recovery can lead to more holistic and lasting solutions. Additionally, it is very important to consider cultural and ethnic differences, ensuring that treatment plans and family interactions respect and incorporate these diverse backgrounds. Advocating for family-centered approaches will help ensure that young people have the support they need to reclaim their futures.3

For clinicians, building trust, clear communication, and leveraging family strengths are key to fostering a collaborative treatment environment. Parents on the other hand, play a critical role in offering daily support and understanding. Below are some evidence-based best practices that both clinicians and parents can implement to enhance the effectiveness of recovery efforts.

Best Practices

Clinicians:

  • Start Early: Engage Families from the outset of treatment. Early involvement has been shown to significantly improve outcomes by fostering trust and collaboration from the beginning.
  • Build Trust: Establish a rapport with families by creating a welcoming and non-judgmental environment. Trust is the foundation of a successful therapeutic relationship.
  • Communicate Clearly: Use language that is accessible and free from jargon. Clear, straightforward communication ensures that families fully understand the treatment process and their role in it.
  • Respect Family Strengths: Recognize and leverage each family's unique strengths and resources. This approach not only empowers families but also enhances the overall effectiveness of the treatment plan.

Parents:

  • Stay Involved: Active participation in your child's treatment can significantly improve recovery outcomes. Attend all meetings, ask questions, and make sure you understand the treatment plan.
  • Communicate Openly: Foster open, honest conversations with your child and the treatment team. Being non-judgmental and supportive helps your child feel understood and less isolated.
  • Educate Yourself: Take advantage of resources and educational programs offered by organizations like SAMHSA and the National Center on Substance Abuse and Child Welfare. A deeper understanding of SUDs will better equip you to support your child.
  • Create a Supportive Home Environment: Ensure your home is a stable, stress-free environment where your child feels safe. A supportive environment can be crucial in preventing relapse and promoting long-term recovery.
  • Define Cultural Differences: If your family comes from a diverse cultural background, share your values and traditions with the treatment team. This ensures that the recovery plan is culturally sensitive and relevant to your family's needs.

Explore these resources from SAMHSA and other organizations to support families assisting youth in recovery:

References
  1. Hogue, A. , Becker, S. J., Wenzel, K., & Henderson, C. E., Bobek, M., Levy, S., Fishman, M (2021). Family involvement in treatment and recovery for substance use disorders among transition-age youth: Research bedrocks and opportunities. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 120, 108206. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34080559/ .
  2. National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). (2023). Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Retrieved from https://www.samhsa.gov/data/report/2023-nsduh-annual-national-report .
  3. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). (2020). Family therapy can help: For people in recovery from mental illness or addiction. Retrived from https://store.samhsa.gov/product/Family-Therapy-Can-Help-For-People-in-Recovery-from-Mental-Illness-or-Addiction/SMA16-4958 .
  4. Ryan, S. R., Jorm, A. F., Lubman, D. I., & Hall, K. (2020). Parent and family support interventions for substance use: A rapid realist review. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 109, 36-49. Retrived from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2020.01.004.